Hongdian H8922 3.0.5 devices allow Directory Traversal. The /log_download.cgi log export handler does not validate user input and allows a remote attacker with minimal privileges to download any file from the device by substituting ../ (e.g., ../../etc/passwd) This can be carried out with a web browser by changing the file name accordingly. Upon visiting log_download.cgi?type=../../etc/passwd and logging in, the web server will allow a download of the contents of the /etc/passwd file.

Hongdian H8922 3.0.5 devices allow the unprivileged guest user to read cli.conf (with the administrator password and other sensitive data) via /backup2.cgi.

Hongdian H8922 3.0.5 devices allow OS command injection via shell metacharacters into the ip-address (aka Destination) field to the tools.cgi ping command, which is accessible with the username guest and password guest.

Hongdian H8922 3.0.5 devices have an undocumented feature that allows access to a shell as a superuser. To connect, the telnet service is used on port 5188 with the default credentials of root:superzxmn.

Root user password is hardcoded into the device and cannot be changed in the user interface.

Authenticated user can execute arbitrary commands in the context of the root user by providing payload in the "destination" field of the network test tools. This is similar to the vulnerability CVE-2021-28151 mitigated on the user interface level by blacklisting characters with JavaScript, however, it can still be exploited by sending POST requests directly.

The router console is accessible without authentication at "data" field, and while a user needs to be logged in in order to modify the configuration, the session state is shared. If any other user is currently logged in, the anonymous user can execute commands in the context of the authenticated one. If the logged in user has administrative privileges, it is possible to use webadmin service configuration commands to create a new admin user with a chosen password.

It is possible to download the configuration backup without authorization and decrypt included passwords using hardcoded static key.

An authenticated user is able to upload an arbitrary CGI-compatible file using the certificate upload utility and execute it with the root user privileges.

User browser may be forced to execute JavaScript and pass the authentication cookie to the attacker leveraging the XSS vulnerability located at "/gui/terminal_tool.cgi" in the "data" parameter.

The authentication cookies are generated using an algorithm based on the username, hardcoded secret and the up-time, and can be guessed in a reasonable time.

An XSS attack can be performed by changing the MOTD banner and pointing the victim to the "terminal_tool.cgi" path. It can be used together with the vulnerability CVE-2023-49255.

The "tokenKey" value used in user authorization is visible in the HTML source of the login page.

The authentication mechanism can be bypassed by overflowing the value of the Cookie "authentication" field, provided there is an active user session.